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What are we doing? "We are studying the goals, methods and outcomes of reforming society."
Why are we doing it? "Progressive reform is a constant part of the evolution of society."
When unit is over can you...?
3 formative assignments
1. understand why there was a Progressive Era.
2. understand how the issues were exposed and changed because of muckraking journalism?
3. apply how progressivism is still relevant today?
Gilded Age Vocabulary
Monopoly
Robber Baron
Vertical/Horizontal Integration
Political Machine
Unionization
Muckraker
Gilded
Trust Busting
Progressive
Reform
Progressive belief
The Progressive era changed U.S. society permanently; every aspect of modern American life still shows the impact of the reformers of the era. But what did they want? And why did they want it? The belief of all Progressives - that we really could end all human suffering - was the inspiration for a massive overhaul of American life.
Definition of Progressivism- The Progressive Era was a period of widespread social activism and political reform across the United States, from the 1890s to the 1920s. The main objectives of the Progressive movement were eliminating problems caused by industrialization, urbanization, immigration, and corruption in government.
Example of a need for progressive era
On March 25, 1911, a fire broke out at the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory in New York City. The factory workers, most of them immigrants, nearly all women, ran for the doors to exit, only to find them locked from the outside. The workers crowded to the rooftops and on window ledges as fire engines arrived only to find that neither their hoses nor their ladders could reach high enough to help. Many of the workers (60, by one estimate) chose to jump to their deaths rather than face the fire inside.
The Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire was one of the worst industrial accidents in U.S. history. The idea that 248 people might die in such a senseless, seemingly preventable way was a matter of outrage for many Americans. Why had the doors been locked? How could this have happened? The calls to action that followed were emblematic of a spirit of reform that had swept across the U.S. around the turn of the century. This movement, 'Progressivism', would go on to fundamentally change the nation, as well as create a permanent shift in what Americans expected from their governments.
As an idea, Progressivism generally refers to the belief that government or people acting on its behalf can be used to address social problems, inequalities, or inequities facing the nation. As a political term, the Progressive Party was born in 1912 in light of this idea.
Progressive Platforms( Republicans) 1900-1917
Urban reforms- Corruption, crime, disease, fire.
Workers rights- Minimum wage, 5 day work week, 8 daily hours, 40 hour week, safety
Quick Write: What is Progressive in respects to a progressive Era? Paragraphs
Statement
reason
reason
reason
conclusion
Activity 2
Part 1
What is a muckracker?
A spirit of reform marked the Progressive Era from around 1900 to 1917. It was in this spirit that muckrakers, who were influential journalists, worked to reveal injustices and oversights in society to Americans. Learn how muckrakers raised awareness of America's social, economic and political problems.
Who Were the Muckrakers?
I don't know about you, but it's hard for me to pass up a good piece of investigative journalism. This is especially true if a villain goes down or if an underdog triumphs. Sensational news stories aimed at uncovering the truth or exposing corruption grab the public's attention and often bring about change for the better.
In keeping with the mood of the Progressive Era (from around 1900-1917), the pen was used to combat social ills and evils and made calls for reform. Sensational, jaw-dropping articles were written by journalists who set out to investigate and reveal wrong-doing and to prompt American society to fix social, economic and political problems. Popular magazines, such as McClure's andCosmopolitan, competed for readers and fueled the push for the provocative material. The bottom line for publishers was: the more shocking, the better.
Theodore 'Teddy' Roosevelt, president of the United States from 1901-1908, nicknamed these investigative journalists muckrakers. He borrowed the term from John Bunyan's Pilgrim's Progress, in which a rake was used to dig up filth and muck. The term caught on, and many journalists were proud to be considered muckrakers. Muckrakers presented problems to the American public in such a way as to invoke moral outrage and prompt citizens to take action.
Muckraking Targets
Muckrakers targeted many turn-of-the-century injustices brought on by the large increase of immigrants, the rapid growth of the cities, unregulated big business and the influence of political machines, as well as many other social problems.
Journalists described immigrant ghettoes and the poor living conditions of tenement housing. They revealed the high number of industrial accidents and advocated for tougher health and safety standards. Muckrakers condemned exploitation of child labor and white slave traffic in women. Corruption in business, including unfair trusts, insurance fraud and dangers of patent medicines, were exposed. Muckrakers also criticized abuses of power in politics and government.
In many cases, muckraking articles took on a very serious nature. Magazine editors would often go to great lengths to check the facts as they were reported in their publications. Some muckrakers even lived in the slums they wrote about or worked in the factories they investigated. The factual nature of the muckrakers' articles leant credibility to the message the authors were sending to the American readers.
Activity 4 Progressive Centers Let's analyze a combination of articles, political cartoons, pictures, primary sources and more to gain an understanding of the goals - strategies - outcomes of progressive era reforms.
Before there was teenagers, adolescence, and education some children were exploited for their labor. Lets look at Child labor before and during the progressive era.
https://progressive.org/magazine The magazine Championing grassroots progressive politics, civil liberties, human rights, economic justice, a healthy environment, and a reinvigorated democracy.
Create a playing card
How much of a super star was Robert LaFollette in the progressive world?
Create a playing card about Lafollette's accomplishments as a super star progressive.
Read the above links and pull out the most impressive details of Robert Lafollette and what he accomplished.
What is a trading card? Why are they created?
A trading card (or collectible card) is a small card, usually made out of paperboard or thick paper, which usually contains an image of a certain person, place or thing (fictional or real) and a short description of the picture, along with other text (attacks, statistics, or trivia).[1] There is a wide variation of different types of cards. Modern cards even go as far as to include swatches of game worn memorabilia, autographs, and even DNA hair samples of their subjects.
Trading cards are traditionally associated with sports; baseball cards are especially well-known. Cards dealing with other subjects like Pokémon are often considered a separate category from sports cards, known as non-sports trading cards. These often feature cartoons, comic book characters, television series and film stills. In the 1990s, cards designed specifically for playing games became popular enough to develop into a distinct category, collectible card games. These tend to use either fantasy subjects or sports as the basis for game play.
"The job of the Industrialist is to make the highest goods possible, at the lowest cost possible, while paying the highest wages possible" ~Ford
With Henry Ford's great generosity towards his workers, his business grew rapidly and wealthy. He also did not discriminate based on race. ... Henry Ford was an industrialist and a social progressive who greatly influenced American history in the 20th century
INFORMATION
Part 1 Prohibition
Essential question: What constitutes progressivism? What matters, why does it matter, how do we know?
Use the resources below and complete the section on prohibition.
BIG QUESTION:What constitutes progressivism? What matters, why does it matter, how do we know?
Are Child Labor Laws progressive or are they an infringement on civil liberties?
READ THE FOLLOWING ARTICLES TO FIND EVIDENCE TO SUPPORT THE BIG QUESTION.
Photographs of Child Labor: 1900-1937- Open the link to photographs of child labor. Pick your favorite picture. What do you like about it? What inferences can you make about child labor by studying the photographs?
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